Apr. 05, 2025
The main mechanical equipment of ultra-high power electric arc furnaces includes the furnace body (upper and lower shells and furnace cover), door-shaped frame, electrode lifting system (EBT), furnace body tilting system, electrode clamping mechanism, tapping mechanism, furnace top charging system, hydraulic system, and other components.
The furnace body is the main device of an electric arc furnace, which is used to melt furnace materials and complete various metallurgical reactions. The furnace body consists of an upper shell, a lower shell, a furnace cover, etc.
The lower furnace shell, the upper furnace shell consists of a support frame with sufficient strength and a water cooling unit.
The framework is welded from seamless steel pipes, and each water-cooled unit is composed of an arrangement of seamless steel pipes. The material is generally 20G, and it is internally cooled by water.
The water cooling unit comprises a water cooling plate, a furnace door, a furnace door frame, a water cooling guard plate for the furnace door, and an EBT water cooling plate. Additionally, there is a carbon gun cooling block mounted on the frame of the water-cooled furnace wall.
The furnace door is designed for operations such as furnace repair, slagging, oxygen blowing, and iron water addition. The furnace door consists of a slide track on the outside of the door frame, a door rail, and a furnace door lifting mechanism. To reduce heat loss, it is important to ensure that the furnace door is properly closed. Therefore, the furnace door and door frame are slightly tilted backward, forming an angle of 8° with the vertical line.
The furnace door lifting mechanism utilizes a single-acting hydraulic cylinder for lifting, while the descent relies on the natural weight of the furnace door. The furnace door should be able to lift and lower flexibly and reliably, and it should be able to stop at any intermediate position.
welded from steel plates and shaped like a butterfly, features an EBT eccentric tapping mechanism. The thickness of the steel plate is approximately 1/200 of the diameter of the lower furnace shell, and the material used is 16MnG.
The furnace cover and the small curved furnace cover consist of a water-cooled frame for the furnace cover, a fan-shaped plate, and a small furnace cover made of refractory materials. The water-cooled frame for the furnace cover is made of seamless steel pipes, in which three fan-shaped water-cooled plates are embedded. The fan-shaped water-cooled plates are also made of seamless steel pipes, with the material being 20G. The water-cooled frame for the furnace cover also serves as the water inlet distributor and collector for the fan-shaped water-cooled plates.
The opening and closing of the tap hole is achieved by controlling the action of the slide plate through a mechanism driven by a cylinder, which includes a connecting rod and a crank. This mechanism comprises a cylinder, adjusting bolt, connecting rod, crank, large slide plate, small slide plate, slide plate base, and slide plate guide wheel.
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